amardeep singh sohal

Cohesive soils such as clays have very low values of the coefficient of permeability k, while cohesionless soils such as clean sands and gravels can have a coefficient of permeability k that is a billion times larger than cohesive soils. The reason is because of the size of the drainage paths through the soil. Open graded gravel has very large, interconnected void spaces. At the other extreme are clay size particles, which produce minuscule void spaces with a large resistance to flow and hence a very low permeability. In many cases, the determination of the coefficient of permeability k from laboratory tests on small soil specimens may not be representative of the overall field condition. A common method of determining the field coefficient of permeability is through the measurements of the change in water levels in open standpipes. Although the type of soil is the most important parameter that governs the coefficient of permeability k of saturated soil, there are many other facto...

sulphates should be less than 0.2 % in use of Ordinary portlald, portland slag, Portland pozzolona cement, may be above than 2.0 % for sulphate resistant portland , super sulphate cement with protective coatings over concrete. Chlorides not found in case of soils but can be present.