Cold weather concrete
Cold Weather Concreting – Any operation of concreting done at about 5 O C atmospheric temperature or below. EFFECTS OF COLD WEATHER ON CONCRETE Delayed Setting – When the temperature is falling to about 5 o C or below, the development of concrete strength is retarded compared with the strength development at normal temperature. Freezing of Concrete at Early Ages – When concrete is exposed to freezing temperature, there is a risk of concrete suffering irreparable loss and other qualities that is, permeability may increase and durability may be impaired. Repeated Freezing and Thawing of Concrete – If the concrete is exposed to repeated freezing and thawing after final set and during hardening period, the final qualities of concrete may be impaired. Stress Due to Temperature Differentials – It is a general experience that large temperature differentials within the concrete member may promote cracking and have harmful effect on the durability. Such differe...